Small screws are essential components used in a wide range of applications, from industrial to household use. Although small in appearance, their functionality and performance vary greatly depending on their use and material. This article explains the types and selection process of small screws, and introduces five tips to avoid mistakes. Choose the optimal small screw for your application and prevent problems in advance.

1. What is a small screw? Its basic role

Small screws are indispensable components in modern industrial products and everyday devices. Since they are not limited to a specific use, they are employed in various fields, such as automobiles, home appliances, and electronic devices, playing a crucial role in securely fixing parts together. The selection of small screws, depending on their shape and material, significantly influences the reliability and safety of machinery and devices. Choosing the appropriate small screws can greatly improve the durability and performance of the overall product.

1-1. Definition and characteristics of small screws

A small screw is a type of screw that is specialized for fixing small and precise parts. Generally, screws with diameters ranging from a few millimeters to about 10 millimeters are considered “small screws,” and their design allows them to be used in various tasks. Small screws, especially due to their small diameter, are widely used in precision machinery and electronic devices, where they are highly valued for joining delicate parts.

The biggest feature of small screws is their diverse shapes and materials. For example, stainless steel small screws are resistant to corrosion and can be used in humid environments without rusting for a long time. Brass small screws, on the other hand, have high electrical conductivity and are often used in connecting electronic circuits. Furthermore, different shapes are used depending on the application, with designs such as round head screws or flat head screws, making small screws highly versatile items that are essential for assembling delicate components.

1-2. Main applications of small screws

• Electronic Devices: Computers, smartphones, and cameras are composed of numerous small parts that are securely fastened with small screws. Properly fastened screws ensure the durability and stable operation of the device. For example, screws made of materials resistant to vibration and shock are often used to support precise circuit boards.
  
• Precision Machinery: In precision machinery such as watches, medical devices, and aerospace components, small screws are essential for securely fixing minute parts, ensuring accurate operation.
  
• Home Appliances: Small screws are also used in household appliances such as air conditioners, refrigerators, and washing machines, where they play a role in securing internal motors and compressors.
  
• Automobile Parts: Numerous small screws are used in automotive engines and body structures, contributing to the safety and performance of the vehicle. Particularly, strong and specially-shaped screws are used in areas where high levels of vibration or temperature changes occur.
  

2. Types and characteristics of small screws

Small screws have a relatively small outer diameter and head and are a type of external thread used in combination with threaded parts or nuts. According to JIS standards, small screws have diameters of 8mm or less, but screws over 8mm are also widely available on the market.

2-1. Types by material

• Stainless Steel: Highly resistant to corrosion, often used in high-humidity or outdoor environments.
• Iron: Commonly used, with good strength, though prone to rust, so rust prevention treatments are often applied.
• Brass: Highly conductive, used in electrical connections, also aesthetically pleasing, often found in decorative items.

2-2. Types by shape

Details of standard small screw shapes

1. Round Head Screw:
   • Feature: Rounded head, used for parts that are exposed on the surface.
   • Application: Commonly used in furniture and home appliances.
     
2. Flat Head Screw:
   • Feature: Flat head, suitable for flush surfaces.
   • Application: Used in metalworking and construction for hidden fastenings.
     
3. Truss Head Screw:
   • Feature: Wide head, providing strong fastening for thin metal sheets.
   • Application: Used in metal and plastic parts.
     
4. Binder Head Screw:
   • Feature: Larger head diameter than a pan screw, smaller than a truss screw.
   • Application: Used in electrical components and small devices.
     
5. Pan Head Screw:
   • Feature: One of the most common types of screws, often used with washers.
   • Application: Versatile, used in many industries and products.
     

3. Five tips to avoid mistakes when selecting small screws

Choosing the right small screw is crucial for the performance and reliability of products. To select the correct small screw, consider the environment in which it will be used and the required functionality.

3-1. Strength and durability of small screws

• Stainless Steel Screws: Known for corrosion resistance, ideal for outdoor or humid environments.
• Alloy Screws: Used in high-temperature or high-strength applications.
• Iron Screws: Affordable and strong, suitable for everyday use, though prone to rust.

For long-term reliability, it is important to choose a material that matches the usage environment.

3-2. Size and compatibility of small screws

Small screw size is critical for proper fastening. Ensure the diameter, length, and pitch match the application to avoid issues like loose screws.

4. Recommended small screws for different applications

4-1. Small screws in electronic devices

• Stainless Steel Small Screws: Corrosion-resistant and durable, commonly used in electronic devices.
• Brass Small Screws: High conductivity, suitable for circuit boards and connectors.

4-2. Small screws in the automotive industry

• Hex Socket Cap Screws: Used in areas requiring high strength, such as engine parts.
• Special Alloy Screws: Resilient to high temperatures and vibration, used in car engines.

5. Proper handling and care of small screws

• Proper Torque Management: Over-tightening can damage threads, while under-tightening may result in improper fastening. Using a torque wrench ensures correct force is applied.
• Tool Selection: Using the appropriate tool for each type of screw reduces the risk of damaging the screw head.

Conclusion

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